Respectful Interfaith Debate on Christian–Islamic Theology, between, Dr. Zakir Naik, MD – Malaysia and Financial Consultant Mr. A. Stephens – Rochdale, UK
Christianity Debate Phase
Preface: The Erasure of Isa's Legacy
Jesus (ܝܫܘܥ Isa/Isho – sh=s, o=a - in Aramaic): A Teacher Without a Text
The Lost Aramaic Gospel: Oral Teachings vs. Greek Theology
James, the Family, and the Jerusalem Community
Mary, Isa’s Sisters, and Brothers in Early Tradition
Isa brother: James as Leader of the Jewish-Christian Movement (Acts 15, Galatians 2)
The Suppression of Jewish-Christian Voices
Pauline Theology vs. Torah-Observant Followers
The Ebionites and Nazarenes: Marginalized Traditions
The Canonical Narratives as Theological Curations
Genre: Propaganda or Sacred Biography?
How the Gospels Distanced Jesus from His Family
Mark 3:21 ("He is out of his mind")
John 7:5 ("Not even his brothers believed in him")
Anonymous Authorship and Gentile Audiences
(Each section now includes:)
Key Aramaic Fragments:
Mark 5:41 (Talitha koum – "Little girl, arise")
Matthew 27:46 (Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani? – Psalm 22 in Aramaic)
Contrasts with James' Teachings:
Matthew 5:17–20 (Torah observance) vs. Paul’s Letters
Luke’s Marginalization of Jesus’ Family (vs. Acts’ later rehabilitation)
Beyond the Canon: James, the Ebionites, and Aramaic Christianity
The Letter of James: A Jewish-Christian Manifesto
Faith Without Works is Dead (James 2:14–26 vs. Romans 3:28)
Non-Canonical Texts:
Didache: Jewish-Christian Liturgy
Gospel of Thomas: Sayings Closer to Jesus’ Oral Tradition?
Political Context:
Roman Destruction of Jerusalem (70 CE) and the Silencing of Jewish Voices
The Synoptic Problem and the Family Tradition
Why Did James’ Movement Disappear?
Power Struggles in Early Christianity
How the Gospels Redefined Jesus’ Family Roles
Virgin Birth Narratives as Theological Overrides
The Historical Jesus vs. the Christ of Faith
Aramaic Reconstruction:
Abba (Intimate Address for God)
Malkuta d’Allaha ("Kingdom of God" in Aramaic)
Criteria for Authenticity:
Embarrassment (e.g., Crucifixion), Multiple Attestation
Reading Against the Grain
Decolonizing Jesus: Reclaiming the Aramaic Context
Ethical Challenges:
Anti-Judaism in Gospel Interpretations
Conclusion: Truth in the Fragments
The Urgency of Centering James and the Family Tradition
Open Questions for Interfaith Dialogue
Timeline:
30–33 CE: Jesus’ Ministry (Aramaic)
50s CE: James’ Leadership, Paul’s Letters (Greek)
70 CE: Destruction of Jerusalem; Gospels Begin Composition
Glossary:
Ebionites: Jewish-Christians who rejected Paul
Q Source: Hypothetical Aramaic Sayings Collection
Sidebar: James vs. Paul – A Theological Duel
James 2:24: "A person is justified by works and not by faith alone."
Romans 3:28: "For we hold that one is justified by faith apart from works."
Aramaic Focus: Highlights Jesus’ linguistic/cultural world.
Family-Centered Critique: Exposes Gospel tensions with James/Mary.
Political Context: Ties the Gospels’ theology to post-70 CE trauma.
Practical Tools: Glossary, timeline, and sidebars for clarity.
The James Ossuary Controversy
Discovery (2002): Inscription reads "Ya‘akov bar Yosef akhui di Yeshua" ("James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus").
Authenticity Debate:
Pro: Paleographic analysis confirms 1st-century script.
Con: Israeli Antiquities Authority alleges forgery (2003).
Implications: If genuine, it corroborates Jesus’ familial ties and James’ historical role.
Nazareth Inscription
Roman-era decree (likely 1st century) threatening death for tomb robbing—possibly linked to Gospel accounts of Jesus’ empty tomb.
Jerusalem: James’ leadership (Acts 15).
Damascus: Ebionite stronghold (linked to Paul’s conversion).
Pella: Flight of Jewish-Christians pre-70 CE (Eusebius, Church History 3.5.3).
Edessa: Aramaic-speaking Christians (Thomasine traditions).
Map Graphic: Visualizing diaspora post-70 CE destruction.
Key Aramaic Parallels:
Saying 82: "He who is near me is near the fire" (cf. Jesus’ radicalism in Q).
Saying 12: "Let James lead you"—affirming James’ authority.
Contrasts with Canonical Gospels:
No crucifixion/resurrection narrative.
Wisdom-focused (vs. Pauline atonement theology).
Scholarly Views:
Elaine Pagels: Thomas preserves early Jewish-Christian mysticism.
Bart Ehrman: Likely 2nd-century Gnostic editing.
Quranic Corroboration of Biblical Monotheism:
Surah Al-Ikhlas 112:1–4: "Say: He is Allah, the One… No one is comparable to Him."
Surah Maryam 19:30–33: Jesus as a prophet, not divine ("I am a servant of Allah").
Biblical Prophecies Reinterpreted:
Deuteronomy 18:18:
"A prophet like you [Moses] from among their brethren":
Islamic View: "Brethren" = Ishmaelites (Arabs as Abrahamic cousins).
Jewish-Christian Context: Levitical lineage (Acts 3:22 applies it to Jesus).
Challenge: Hebrew "meqerebekha" ("from among you") debated—could imply kin.
Isaiah 42:1–13:
"Servant" songs applied to Muhammad’s universal mission.
Muhammad in Hebrew Scripture?
Wailing Wall Prayer: "Mohammeden" (claimed as name prefiguration)—no scholarly consensus.
Song of Solomon 5:16: "His mouth is sweetness; he is Muhammadim"—disputed translation.
https://youtu.be/fw7SJLugxMc?si=A2IAmbeYnuu0rvlw
D
r.
Bart said: I do know that the Quran has been faithfully
transmitted
over the centuries and for some reasons Christians decided
not to
transmit their book as faithfully.
Appendix
5:
Key Considerations to Avoid "Truth’s
Contamination"
In this respectful debate document, we will reference Mark’s Narrative, Matthew’s Narrative, Luke’s Narrative, and John’s Narrative. These terms are deliberately chosen to balance clarity, scholarly rigor, and respect for tradition while maintaining critical distance. By using the word Narrative, we acknowledge that these texts are theological accounts shaped by their communities, not modern biographies or direct eyewitness records.
This clarification is very thoughtful, and you're absolutely right to be precise in language, especially when discussing early Christian texts critically.
You're approaching this from a historical-critical perspective, where:
Jesus’s own teachings or message ("his Gospel") may be seen as distinct from what was later written.
The Gospel of Mark is viewed as an anonymous narrative account, not written by Jesus or necessarily by someone named Mark.
Therefore, calling it “Mark’s Gospel” might be misleading from a scholarly standpoint.
Instead, calling it “Mark’s narrative” reflects that it’s a literary/theological telling of Jesus's life, not a direct account from Jesus himself.
The earliest surviving narrative of Jesus’ life, traditionally attributed to Mark, was written anonymously between 65–75 CE—about 30–40 years after Jesus’ death. The author was not an eyewitness but relied on oral traditions, collective memory, and possibly earlier sources. As the first narrative we possess, Mark’s account became a foundation for later narratives, especially Matthew’s and Luke’s.
Written between 75–90 CE, Matthew’s Narrative expands upon Mark’s, integrating additional traditions and teachings. Scholars believe its author also drew from a collection of Jesus’ sayings, often referred to as the “Q” source, along with material unique to this community. It emphasizes Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish expectations and serves to shape the identity of an emerging faith community.
Also composed between 75–90 CE, Luke’s Narrative draws from Mark and “Q,” adding unique material that underscores inclusion, compassion, and the universality of Jesus’ message. Its author frames the narrative as a careful, ordered account for a particular audience. Luke’s Narrative later became part one of a two-volume work, continued in Acts, providing a broader picture of the early Christian movement.
John’s Narrative, written last (90–110 CE), offers a distinctly different perspective. It emphasizes theological interpretation over chronology, presenting Jesus’ identity in symbolic and profound ways. Unlike the other three narratives, it does not appear to rely directly on Mark, Matthew, or Luke, representing a later and independent tradition within early Christianity.
To examine these narratives critically and avoid conflating tradition with history, several key points must remain central:
Anonymous Authorship: All four narratives are formally anonymous. Their traditional attributions (Mark, Matthew, Luke, John) come from later community traditions, not internal evidence.
Dating & Context: These narratives were written 30–80 years after Jesus’ death, shaped by oral traditions, evolving theology, and the needs of distinct faith communities.
Purpose & Genre: These are not modern biographies. They are theological narratives, designed to interpret and communicate Jesus’ life and significance to their audiences.
Interdependence: Mark’s Narrative influenced Matthew’s and Luke’s, while John’s represents an independent theological tradition.
To ensure clarity and avoid misunderstanding:
Narrative: A structured account or story conveying theological meaning, not necessarily a strict chronological or factual biography.
Tradition: The body of teachings, practices, and stories passed down within early Christian communities, often orally before being written.
Oral Sources: Stories, sayings, and teachings transmitted verbally across communities before being recorded in written form.
“Q” Source: A hypothetical written collection of Jesus’ sayings (from the German Quelle, meaning “source”) believed by scholars to have been used by Matthew and Luke alongside Mark.
Canonical: Recognized as part of the official collection of writings within the New Testament, in contrast to non-canonical or apocryphal works.
Clarity & Consistency: Using “Mark’s Narrative,” “Matthew’s Narrative,” “Luke’s Narrative,” and “John’s Narrative” provides clear, uniform terminology.
Scholarly Rigor: This phrasing reflects how modern scholarship understands these works—as historical-theological accounts, not direct transcripts or eyewitness testimony.
Respectful Neutrality: It avoids dogmatic claims, fostering open, balanced analysis.
Acknowledging Tradition: It respects the traditional attributions while signaling critical engagement.
Conclusion:
This framework allows us to examine these narratives
with historical
awareness and
respectful neutrality, avoiding what we call “Truth’s
contamination.” By stating this methodology upfront, we
ensure that our analysis separates later theological
traditions from the earliest surviving narratives about
Jesus’ life.
Appendix 6: The Jesus' (own Injil/Gospel) in the Quran: 47 Core Topics of Jesus and Mary
Among the hundreds of Quranic verses dedicated to Jesus, Mary, and his followers — which are more extensive and detailed than the four existing (Biblical) Gospels — These topics represent elements of Jesus' own lost Gospel (Injil), a divine revelation from Allah through the Angel Gabriel, as quoted and affirmed in the Quran.
Mary is mentioned 89 times (60% more) in the Quran (6236 verses) than in the Bible (31,101 verses).
Jesus is mentioned 954 times in the Quran, more than in the four Gospels combined.
"Son of God" appears 3 times in the Mark Bible—each as a question or challenge to Jesus, where he never confirms it.
Mary and the Holy Spirit (Angel Gabriel) are never referred to as gods.
1 The Jews who followed Prophets Moses and Jesus 2:82
وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ أُوْلَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الجَنَّةِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ (82)
2:82 But those who believe and do good works are the people of Paradise; for ever they shall live in it.
2 The supplication of the mother of the Virgin Mary 3:35-36
إِذْ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةُ عِمْرَانَ رَبِّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ مَا فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّراً فَتَقَبَّلْ مِنِّي إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ العَلِيمُ (35)
3:35 (Remember) when the wife of 'Imran said, 'Lord, I have vowed to You in dedication that which is hidden inside me. Accept this from me. You are the Hearer, the Knower.'
فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْهَا قَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُهَا أُنثَى وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا وَضَعَتْ وَلَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالأُنثَى وَإِنِّي سَمَّيْتُهَا مَرْيَمَ وَإِنِّي أُعِيذُهَا بِكَ وَذُرِّيَّتَهَا مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ (36)
3:36 And when she was delivered of her, she said, 'Lord, I have given birth to her, a female' Allah knew of what she had given birth the male is not like the female 'and I have called her Mary. Protect her and all her descendants from satan, the stoned one.'
3 Mary and Prophet Zachariah 3:37
فَتَقَبَّلَهَا رَبُّهَا بِقَبُولٍ حَسَنٍ وَأَنْبَتَهَا نَبَاتاً حَسَناً وَكَفَّلَهَا زَكَرِيَّا كُلَّمَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا زَكَرِيَّا المِحْرَابَ وَجَدَ عِندَهَا رِزْقاً قَالَ يَا مَرْيَمُ أَنَّى لَكِ هَذَا قَالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَن يَشَاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ (37)
3:37 Her Lord graciously accepted her. He made her grow with a fine upbringing and entrusted her to the care of Zachariah. Whenever Zachariah went to her in the sanctuary, he found that she had provision with her. 'Mary, ' he said, 'how does this come to you?' 'It is from Allah,' she answered. Truly, Allah provides whomsoever He will without reckoning.
4 Allah chooses and purifies Mary 3:42-43
وَإِذْ قَالَتِ المَلائِكَةُ يَا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَاكِ وَطَهَّرَكِ وَاصْطَفَاكِ عَلَى نِسَاءِ العَالَمِينَ (42)
3:42 And when the angels said to Mary, 'Allah has chosen you and purified you. He has chosen you above all women of the worlds.
يَا مَرْيَمُ اقْنُتِي لِرَبِّكِ وَاسْجُدِي وَارْكَعِي مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ (43)
3:43 Mary, be obedient to your Lord, prostrate and bow with those who bow.'
5 Guardianship of Mary 3:44
ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ الغَيْبِ نُوحِيهِ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا كُنتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلامَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا كُنتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ (44)
3:44 This is from the news of the unseen. We reveal it to you (Prophet Muhammad). You were not present when they cast their quills to see which of them should look after Mary, nor were you present when they were disputing.
6 The miraculous conception of the Messiah, Prophet Jesus 3:45-51
إِذْ قَالَتِ المَلائِكَةُ يَا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكِ بِكَلِمَةٍ مِّنْهُ اسْمُهُ المَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَجِيهاً فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ وَمِنَ المُقَرَّبِينَ (45)
3:45 When the angels said, 'O Mary, Allah gives you glad tidings of a Word (Be) from Him, whose name is Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary. He shall be honored in this world and in the Everlasting Life and he shall be among those who are close.
وَيُكَلِّمُ النَّاسَ فِي المَهْدِ وَكَهْلاً وَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ (46)
3:46 He shall speak to people in his cradle and when he is aged, and shall be among the righteous.'
قَالَتْ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي وَلَدٌ وَلَمْ يَمْسَسْنِي بَشَرٌ قَالَ كَذَلِكِ اللَّهُ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ إِذَا قَضَى أَمْراً فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ (47)
3:47 'Lord, ' she said, 'how can I bear a child when no human being has touched me?' He replied, 'Such is the Will of Allah. He creates whom He will. When He decrees a thing, He only says, "Be," and it is.
7 Mission of Prophet Jesus, who was given his own Gospel 3:48-53
وَيُعَلِّمُهُ الكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَالتَّوْرَاةَ وَالإِنجِيلَ (48)
3:48 He will teach him the Book, the Wisdom, the Torah and the Gospel,
8 Jesus, a Messenger sent for the Children of Israel, the lost sheep of Israel and his miracles 3:49
وَرَسُولاً إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنِّي قَدْ جِئْتُكُم بِآيَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ أَنِّي أَخْلُقُ لَكُم مِّنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ فَأَنفُخُ فِيهِ فَيَكُونُ طَيْراً بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَأُبْرِئُ الأَكْمَهَ وَالأبْرَصَ وَأُحْيِي المَوْتَى بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَأُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا تَأْكُلُونَ وَمَا تَدَّخِرُونَ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لآيَةً لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ (49)
3:49 to be a Messenger to the Children of Israel, (saying), "I have come to you with a sign from your Lord. From clay, I will create for you the likeness of a bird. I shall breathe into it and by the permission of Allah, it shall be a bird. I shall heal the blind, and the leper, and raise the dead to life by the permission of Allah. I shall tell you what you ate and what you store in your houses. Surely, that will be a sign for you, if you are believers.
9 Jesus tells the Jews to fear and worship Allah, and to obey him, their prophet 3:50-51
وَمُصَدِّقاً لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَلأُحِلَّ لَكُم بَعْضَ الَّذِي حُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَجِئْتُكُم بِآيَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ (50)
3:50 Likewise confirming the Torah that has been before me and to make lawful to you some of the things you have been forbidden. I bring you a sign from your Lord, therefore, fear Allah and obey me.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَذَا صِرَاطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ (51)
3:51 Allah is my Lord and your Lord, therefore, worship Him. This is the Straight Path".'
10 The disciples of Prophet Jesus 3:52-53
فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ عِيسَى مِنْهُمُ الكُفْرَ قَالَ مَنْ أَنصَارِي إِلَى اللَّهِ قَالَ الحَوَارِيُّونَ نَحْنُ أَنصَارُ اللَّهِ آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَاشْهَدْ بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ (52)
3:52 When (Prophet) Jesus felt their disbelief, he said, 'Who will be my helpers in the way of Allah?' The disciples replied, 'We are the helpers of Allah. We believe in Allah. Bear witness that we are submitters (Muslims).
رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا بِمَا أَنزَلْتَ وَاتَّبَعْنَا الرَّسُولَ فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِينَ (53)
3:53 Lord, we have believed in what You sent down and followed the Messenger. Write us among Your witnesses.'
11 The plot to kill Prophet Jesus, the Messiah 3:54-55
وَمَكَرُوا وَمَكَرَ اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرُ المَاكِرِينَ (54)
3:54 They devised, and Allah devised. And Allah is the Best Devisor.
12 The rank of Prophet Jesus 3:55
إِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا عِيسَى إِنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ وَرَافِعُكَ إِلَيَّ وَمُطَهِّرُكَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَجَاعِلُ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوكَ فَوْقَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِلَى يَوْمِ القِيَامَةِ ثُمَّ إِلَيَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ فِيمَا كُنتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ (55)
3:55 Allah said, '(Prophet) Jesus, I will take you to Me and will raise you to Me, and I will purify you from those who disbelieve. I will make your followers (who died before Prophet Muhammad) above those who disbelieve till the Day of Resurrection. Then, to Me you shall all return, and I shall judge between you as to that you were at variance.
فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَأُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَاباً شَدِيداً فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن نَّاصِرِينَ (56)
3:56 As for those who disbelieve, I will sternly punish them in this world and in the Everlasting Life, there shall be none to help them.
وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَيُوَفِّيهِمْ أُجُورَهُمْ وَاللَّهُ لاَ يُحِبُّ الظَّالِمِينَ (57)
3:57 As for those who believe and do good works, He will pay them their wages in full. Allah does not love the harm doers.
ذَلِكَ نَتْلُوهُ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الآيَاتِ وَالذِّكْرِ الحَكِيمِ (58)
3:58 This, We recite to you of the verses and the Wise Remembrance.
13 Likeness of Prophet Jesus to Adam; challenge to the Christians 3:59-64
إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَى عِندَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ (59)
3:59 Truly, the likeness of (Prophet) Jesus with Allah, is as the likeness of Adam, He created him from dust then He said to him "Be" and he was.
الحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلاَ تَكُن مِّنَ المُمْتَرِينَ (60)
3:60 The truth is from your Lord, therefore, do not be among the doubters.
فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَكَ مِنَ العِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعَالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَنِسَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَنفُسَنَا وَأَنْفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَل لَّعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الكَاذِبِينَ (61)
3:61 (To)Those who dispute with you concerning him after the knowledge has come to you, say, 'Come, let us gather our sons and your sons, our womenfolk and your womenfolk, ourselves and yourselves. Then let us humbly pray, so lay the curse of Allah upon the ones who lie.'
إِنَّ هَذَا لَهُوَ القَصَصُ الحَقُّ وَمَا مِنْ إِلَهٍ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُوَ العَزِيزُ الحَكِيمُ (62)
3:62 This is indeed the truthful narration. There is no god except Allah. It is Allah who is the Almighty, the Wise.
فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِالْمُفْسِدِينَ (63)
3:63 If they turn away, Allah knows the evildoers.
14 The disbelief of the Children of Israel, their killing of some of their prophets and their slander of the Virgin Mary 4:155-156
فَبِمَا نَقْضِهِم مِّيثَاقَهُمْ وَكُفْرِهِم بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَقَتْلِهِمُ الأَنْبِيَاءَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَقَوْلِهِمْ قُلُوبُنَا غُلْفٌ بَلْ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَلاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً (155)
4:155 So, for their breaking of the covenant, and disbelieving the verses of Allah, and killing their Prophets without right and for saying, 'Our hearts are covered' no, but Allah has sealed them for their disbelief, so, except for a few, they do not believe.
15 The virgin Mary, mother of Jesus is slandered by the Jews 4:156
وَبِكُفْرِهِمْ وَقَوْلِهِمْ عَلَى مَرْيَمَ بُهْتَاناً عَظِيماً (156)
4:156 Also for their disbelief and their saying about Mary a great calumny,
16 Prophet Jesus was not crucified 4:157-159
وَقَوْلِهِمْ إِنَّا قَتَلْنَا المَسِيحَ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ وَمَا صَلَبُوهُ وَلَكِن شُبِّهَ لَهُمْ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ لَفِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مَا لَهُم بِهِ مِنْ عِلْمٍ إِلاَّ اتِّبَاعَ الظَّنِّ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ يَقِيناً (157)
4:157 and for their saying, 'We killed the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger (and Prophet) of Allah.' They did not kill him, nor did they crucify him, but to them, he (the crucified) had been given the look (of Prophet Jesus). Those who differ concerning him (Prophet Jesus) are surely in doubt regarding him, they have no knowledge of him, except the following of supposition, and (it is) a certainty they did not kill him.
بَل رَّفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزاً حَكِيماً (158)
4:158 Rather, Allah raised him up to Him. Allah is Almighty, the Wise.
وَإِن مِّنْ أَهْلِ الكِتَابِ إِلاَّ لَيُؤْمِنَنَّ بِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ وَيَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيداً (159)
4:159 There is not one of the People of the Book but will surely believe in him (Prophet Jesus) before his death, and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness against them.
17 Jesus is the Messiah, the Prophet of Allah not His son 4:171-172
يَا أَهْلَ الكِتَابِ لاَ تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ وَلاَ تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلاَّ الحَقَّ إِنَّمَا المَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَى مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِّنْهُ فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَلاَ تَقُولُوا ثَلاثَةٌ انتَهُوا خَيْراً لَّكُمْ إِنَّمَا اللَّهُ إِلَهٌ وَاحِدٌ سُبْحَانَهُ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ لَّهُ مَا فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الأَرْضِ وَكَفَى بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلاً (171)
4:171 People of the Book, do not exaggerate your religion. Do not say about Allah except the truth. Indeed, the Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, is only a Messenger (and Prophet) of Allah, and His Word (Be) which He gave to Mary, and a (created) spirit by Him. So believe in Allah and His Messengers and do not say, 'Trinity.' Refrain, it is better for you. Allah is only One God. Exaltations to Him that He should have son! To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and in the earth, it is sufficient that Allah is the Guardian.
18 Prophet Jesus, the Messiah is the worshiper of Allah 4:172
لَن يَسْتَنكِفَ المَسِيحُ أَن يَكُونَ عَبْداً لِّلَّهِ وَلاَ المَلائِكَةُ المُقَرَّبُونَ وَمَن يَسْتَنكِفْ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِ وَيَسْتَكْبِرْ فَسَيَحْشُرُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ جَمِيعاً (172)
4:172 The Messiah would not despise being a worshiper of Allah, nor would the angels who are near. Whosoever despises worshipping Him, and becomes proud, He will surely assemble them all to Him.
19 Prophet Jesus was given his own Holy Book, the Gospel, however, it is remarkable that his Gospel does not appear in the book of the Christians that concentrate on the preaching of Paul 5:46-47
وَقَفَّيْنَا عَلَى آثَارِهِم بِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ مُصَدِّقاً لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَآتَيْنَاهُ الإِنجِيلَ فِيهِ هُدًى وَنُورٌ وَمُصَدِّقاً لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَهُدًى وَمَوْعِظَةً لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ (46)
5:46 And We sent, following in their footsteps (Prophet) Jesus, the son of Mary, confirming that which was before him in the Torah, and gave him the Gospel, in which there is guidance and light, confirming that which was before him in the Torah, a guide and an admonition to the cautious.
وَلْيَحْكُمْ أَهْلُ الإِنجِيلِ بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُم بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُوْلَئِكَ هُمُ الفَاسِقُونَ (47)
5:47 Therefore, let the people of Injil (Jesus’ Gospel) judge in accordance with that which Allah has sent in it. Those who do not judge according to that which Allah has sent down are the evildoers.
20 Prophet Jesus orders his followers to worship Allah alone 5:72-74
لَقَدْ كَفَرَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ المَسِيحُ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَقَالَ المَسِيحُ يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ مَن يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الجَنَّةَ وَمَأْوَاهُ النَّارُ وَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ أَنصَارٍ (72)
5:72 The unbelievers are those who say, 'Allah is the Messiah, the son of Mary.' But the Messiah said, 'Children of Israel, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. He who associates anything with Allah, Allah has indeed forbidden Paradise to him, and his abode shall be in the Fire'. The harm doers shall have no helpers.
21 Jesus, the Messiah and his mother 5:75-77
مَا المَسِيحُ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ إِلاَّ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ وَأُمُّهُ صِدِّيقَةٌ كَانَا يَأْكُلانِ الطَّعَامَ انظُرْ كَيْفَ نُبَيِّنُ لَهُمُ الآيَاتِ ثُمَّ انظُرْ أَنَّى يُؤْفَكُونَ (75)
5:75 The Messiah, the son of Mary, was not except a Messenger, other Messengers had gone before him. His mother was in the state of sincerity, they both ate food. See how We make plain to them Our signs. Then, see how perverted they are.
قُلْ أَتَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لاَ يَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ ضَراًّ وَلاَ نَفْعاً وَاللَّهُ هُو السَّمِيعُ العَلِيمُ (76)
5:76 Say, 'Will you worship instead of Allah that which owns neither harm, nor benefit for you? Allah is the Hearer, Knower.'
قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الكِتَابِ لاَ تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ غَيْرَ الحَقِّ وَلاَ تَتَّبِعُوا أَهْوَاءَ قَوْمٍ قَدْ ضَلُّوا مِن قَبْلُ وَأَضَلُّوا كَثِيراً وَضَلُّوا عَن سَوَاءِ السَّبِيلِ (77)
5:77 Say, 'People of the Book! Do not exaggerate your religion, other than the truth, and do not follow the desires of a people who went astray before, and led many astray, and, (once again) have gone astray from the Straight Path.'
22 The unbelievers amongst the Children of Israel are cursed by Prophets David and Jesus 5:78-81
لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُودَ وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ذَلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ (78)
5:78 Those who disbelieved of the Children of Israel were cursed by the tongue of (Prophets) David and Jesus, the son of Mary, because they disobeyed and transgressed.
كَانُوا لاَ يَتَنَاهَوْنَ عَن مُّنكَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ (79)
5:79 They did not forbid one another from the wrongdoing they were committing. Evil is what they were doing.
تَرَى كَثِيراً مِّنْهُمْ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَبِئْسَ مَا قَدَّمَتْ لَهُمْ أَنفُسُهُمْ أَن سَخِطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَفِي العَذَابِ هُمْ خَالِدُونَ (80)
5:80 You see many of them taking the unbelievers as guides. Evil is that to which their souls forwarded them, that Allah is angered against them, and in the punishment they shall live for ever.
وَلَوْ كَانُوا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالنَّبِيِّ وَمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مَا اتَّخَذُوَهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ وَلَكِنَّ كَثِيراً مِّنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ (81)
5:81 Had they believed in Allah and the Prophet (Muhammad) and that which is sent down to him, they would not have taken them as guides. But many of them are evildoers.
23 Miracles given to Prophet Jesus 5:110
إِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ اذْكُرْ نِعْمَتِي عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَى وَالِدَتِكَ إِذْ أَيَّدتُّكَ بِرُوحِ القُدُسِ تُكَلِّمُ النَّاسَ فِي المَهْدِ وَكَهْلاً وَإِذْ عَلَّمْتُكَ الكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَالتَّوْرَاةَ وَالإِنجِيلَ وَإِذْ تَخْلُقُ مِنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ بِإِذْنِي فَتَنفُخُ فِيهَا فَتَكُونُ طَيْراً بِإِذْنِي وَتُبْرِئُ الأَكْمَهَ وَالأَبْرَصَ بِإِذْنِي وَإِذْ تُخْرِجُ المَوْتَى بِإِذْنِي وَإِذْ كَفَفْتُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنكَ إِذْ جِئْتَهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ إِنْ هَذَا إِلاَّ سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ (110)
5:110 When Allah said, '(Prophet) Jesus, son of Mary, remember the favor upon you and on your mother; how I strengthened you with the Holy Spirit (Gabriel), to speak to people in your cradle and of age (when he descends and dies); how I taught you the Book and Wisdom, the Torah and the Gospel; and how, by My permission, you fashioned from clay the likeness of a bird, and breathed into it so that, by My permission, it became a living bird. How, by My permission, you healed the blind man and the leper, and by My permission you brought the dead forth; and how I protected you from the Children of Israel when you brought them clear signs; whereupon the unbelievers among them said, "This is nothing but plain magic."'
24 Disciples of Prophet Jesus bear witness to the Oneness of Allah 5:111
وَإِذْ أَوْحَيْتُ إِلَى الحَوَارِيِّينَ أَنْ آمِنُوا بِي وَبِرَسُولِي قَالُوا آمَنَّا وَاشْهَدْ بِأَنَّنَا مُسْلِمُونَ (111)
5:111 When I revealed to the disciples to believe in Me and in My Messenger they replied, "We believe, bear witness that we submit."
25 Prophet Jesus and the sign of the miraculous feast 5:112-115
إِذْ قَالَ الحَوَارِيُّونَ يَا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ رَبُّكَ أَن يُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنَا مَائِدَةً مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ قَالَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ (112)
5:112 When the disciples said, 'O (Prophet) Jesus, son of Mary, can your Lord send down to us a table from heaven?' He replied, 'Have fear of Allah, if you are believers.'
قَالُوا نُرِيدُ أَن نَّأْكُلَ مِنْهَا وَتَطْمَئِنَّ قُلُوبُنَا وَنَعْلَمَ أَن قَدْ صَدَقْتَنَا وَنَكُونَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الشَّاهِدِينَ (113)
5:113 'We wish to eat of it,' they said, 'so that we can satisfy our hearts and know that what you said to us is true, and that we become witnesses to it.'
قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا أَنزِلْ عَلَيْنَا مَائِدَةً مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ تَكُونُ لَنَا عِيداً لأَوَّلِنَا وَآخِرِنَا وَآيَةً مِّنكَ وَارْزُقْنَا وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ (114)
5:114 'Allah, our Lord,' said (Prophet) Jesus, the son of Mary, 'send down upon us a table out of heaven, that shall be a festival for us the first and the last of us and a sign from You. And provide for us; You are the Best of providers. '
قَالَ اللَّهُ إِنِّي مُنَزِّلُهَا عَلَيْكُمْ فَمَن يَكْفُرْ بَعْدُ مِنكُمْ فَإِنِّي أُعَذِّبُهُ عَذَاباً لاَّ أُعَذِّبُهُ أَحَداً مِّنَ العَالَمِينَ (115)
5:115 Allah replied, 'I am sending it to you. But whoever of you disbelieves thereafter I shall punish him with a punishment that I do not punish anyone from the worlds.'
26 The question Allah asked Jesus and his reply 5:116-119
وَإِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ أَأَنْتَ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِي وَأُمِّيَ إِلَهَيْنِ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ قَالَ سُبْحَانَكَ مَا يَكُونُ لِي أَنْ أَقُولَ مَا لَيْسَ لِي بِحَقٍّ إِن كُنتُ قُلْتُهُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَهُ تَعْلَمُ مَا فِي نَفْسِي وَلاَ أَعْلَمُ مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ عَلاَّمُ الغُيُوبِ (116)
5:116 And when Allah said, '(Prophet) Jesus, son of Mary, did you ever say to the people, "Take me and my mother for two gods, other than Allah?" 'Exaltations to You,' he said, 'how could I say that to which I have no right? If I had said that, You would have surely known. You know what is in my self, but I do not know what is in Yours. Indeed, You are the Knowledgeable of the unseen.
مَا قُلْتُ لَهُمْ إِلاَّ مَا أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبَّكُمْ وَكُنتُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيداً مَّا دُمْتُ فِيهِمْ فَلَمَّا تَوَفَّيْتَنِي كُنتَ أَنْتَ الرَّقِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَنْتَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ (117)
5:117 I spoke to them of nothing except that which You ordered me, that you worship Allah, my Lord and our Lord. I witnessed them whilst living in their midst and ever since You took me to You, You have been the Watcher over them. You are the Witness of everything.
إِن تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِن تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ العَزِيزُ الحَكِيمُ (118)
5:118 If You punish them (for their disbelief), they surely are Your subjects; and if You forgive them, surely You are the Almighty, the Wise.'
قَالَ اللَّهُ هَذَا يَوْمُ يَنفَعُ الصَّادِقِينَ صِدْقُهُمْ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَداً رَّضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ الفَوْزُ العَظِيمُ (119)
5:119 Allah will say, 'This is the Day the truthful shall benefit by their truthfulness. They shall live for ever in Gardens underneath which rivers flow. Allah is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him. That is the great winning.'
27 Prophet Muhammad was mentioned in the original Torah and the Gospel of Jesus 7:157
الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ الرَّسُولَ النَّبِيَّ الأُمِّيَّ الَّذِييَجِدُونَهُمَكْتُوباً عِندَهُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالإِنجِيلِ يَأْمُرُهُم بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَاهُمْ عَنِ المُنكَرِ وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الخَبَائِثَ وَيَضَعُ عَنْهُمْ إِصْرَهُمْ وَالأَغْلالَ الَتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِهِ وَعَزَّرُوهُ وَنَصَرُوهُ وَاتَّبَعُوا النُّورَ الَّذِي أُنزِلَ مَعَهُ أُوْلَئِكَ هُمُ المُفْلِحُونَ (157)
7:157 and to those who shall follow the Messenger, the Unlettered Prophet (Muhammad) whom they shall find written with them in the Torah and the Gospel. He will order kindness upon them and forbid them to do evil. He will make good things lawful to them and prohibit all that is foul. He will relieve them of their burdens and of the shackles that weigh upon them. Those who believe in him and honor him, those who aid him and follow the light sent forth with him, shall surely prosper.'
28 The promise of Allah to Muslims, the believing Jews during the time of Moses and before, and the believing Nazarenes who followed Jesus 9:111-112
إِنَّ اللَّهَ اشْتَرَى مِنَ المُؤْمِنِينَ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُم بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الجَنَّةَ يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيَقْتُلُونَ وَيُقْتَلُونَ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقاًّ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالإِنجِيلِ وَالْقُرْآنِ وَمَنْ أَوْفَى بِعَهْدِهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ فَاسْتَبْشِرُوا بِبَيْعِكُمُ الَّذِي بَايَعْتُم بِهِ وَذَلِكَ هُوَ الفَوْزُ العَظِيمُ (111)
9:111 Allah has purchased from the believers their selves and possessions, and for them is Paradise. They fight in the Way of Allah, slay, and are slain. That is a binding promise upon Him in the Torah, the Gospel and the Koran; and who is there that more truthfully fulfills his covenant than Allah? Therefore, rejoice in the bargain you have bargained with Him. That is the mighty winning.
التَّائِبُونَ العَابِدُونَ الحَامِدُونَ السَّائِحُونَ الرَّاكِعُونَ السَّاجِدُونَ الآمِرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّاهُونَ عَنِ المُنكَرِ وَالْحَافِظُونَ لِحُدُودِ اللَّهِ وَبَشِّرِ المُؤْمِنِينَ (112)
9:112 Those who repent, those who worship Allah and praise (Him); those who journey, those who bow, those who prostrate themselves; those who order righteousness and forbid evil, and those who observe the limits of Allah give glad tidings to the believers.
29 The fulfillment of Jesus' prophecy that the covenant would be taken away from the Jews if they did not follow the guidance he had been given 9:115-116
وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْماً بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَاهُمْ حَتَّى يُبَيِّنَ لَهُم مَّا يَتَّقُونَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ (115)
9:115 Nor will Allah lead a nation astray after He has given them guidance until He has made clear to them all that they should guard against. Allah has knowledge of all things.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلاَ نَصِيرٍ (116)
9:116 Indeed, to Allah belong the kingdom of the heavens and the earth; He gives life and causes death. Other than Allah, you have neither a guardian nor a helper.
30 The story of the Virgin Mary; the conception and birth of Prophet Jesus 19:16-36
وَاذْكُرْ فِي الكِتَابِ مَرْيَمَ إِذِ انتَبَذَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا مَكَاناً شَرْقِياً (16)
19:16 And mention in the Book, Mary, how she withdrew from her people to an eastern place and she took a veil apart from them;
31 The conception of Prophet Jesus 19:17-21
فَاتَّخَذَتْ مِن دُونِهِمْ حِجَاباً فَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْهَا رُوحَنَا فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهَا بَشَراً سَوِياًّ (17)
19:17 We sent to her Our Spirit (Gabriel) in the resemblance of a perfect human.
قَالَتْ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِالرَّحْمَنِ مِنكَ إِن كُنتَ تَقِياًّ (18)
19:18 (And when she saw him) she said, 'I take refuge in the Merciful from you! If you are fearful.'
قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَنَا رَسُولُ رَبِّكِ لأَهَبَ لَكِ غُلاماً زَكِياًّ (19)
19:19 'I am the Messenger of your Lord,' he replied, 'and have come to give you a pure boy.'
قَالَتْ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي غُلامٌ وَلَمْ يَمْسَسْنِي بَشَرٌ وَلَمْ أَكُ بَغِياًّ (20)
19:20 'How shall I bear a son,' she answered, 'when I am not touched by a human and not unchaste?'
قَالَ كَذَلِكِ قَالَ رَبُّكِ هُوَ عَلَيَّ هَيّنٌ وَلِنَجْعَلَهُ آيَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَرَحْمَةً مِّنَّا وَكَانَ أَمْراً مَّقْضِياًّ (21)
19:21 "Even so" he replied, "as such your Lord has said, 'Easy it is for Me. And We shall make him a sign to mankind and a mercy from Us. It is a matter decreed.'"
32 The birth of Prophet Jesus 19:22-26
فَحَمَلَتْهُ فَانتَبَذَتْ بِهِ مَكَاناً قَصِياًّ (22)
19:22 Thereupon she carried him, and retired to a far off place.
فَأَجَاءَهَا المَخَاضُ إِلَى جِذْعِ النَّخْلَةِ قَالَتْ يَا لَيْتَنِي مِتُّ قَبْلَ هَذَا وَكُنتُ نَسْياً مَّنسِياًّ (23)
19:23 And when the birth-pangs came upon her by the trunk of a palm-tree, she said, 'Oh, would that I had died before this and become a thing forgotten!'
فَنَادَاهَا مِن تَحْتِهَا أَلاَّ تَحْزَنِي قَدْ جَعَلَ رَبُّكِ تَحْتَكِ سَرِياًّ (24)
19:24 He called from below to her, 'Do not sorrow, look, your Lord has provided a rivulet below you,
وَهُزِّي إِلَيْكِ بِجِذْعِ النَّخْلَةِ تُسَاقِطْ عَلَيْكِ رُطَباً جَنِياًّ (25)
19:25 and shake the trunk of this palm-tree it will drop fresh ripe dates upon you.
فَكُلِي وَاشْرَبِي وَقَرِّي عَيْناً فَإِمَّا تَرَيِنَّ مِنَ البَشَرِ أَحَداً فَقُولِي إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمَنِ صَوْماً فَلَنْ أُكَلِّمَ اليَوْمَ إِنسِياًّ (26)
19:26 Therefore eat and drink and rejoice with your eyes. If you meet any human say to him, "I have vowed a fast to the Merciful and will not speak with anyone today."'
33 Mary presents her son to her people 19:27-33
فَأَتَتْ بِهِ قَوْمَهَا تَحْمِلُهُ قَالُوا يَا مَرْيَمُ لَقَدْ جِئْتِ شَيْئاً فَرِياًّ (27)
19:27 She came to her nation, carrying him; and they said, 'O Mary, you have committed a monstrous thing.
يَا أُخْتَ هَارُونَ مَا كَانَ أَبُوكِ امْرَأَ سَوْءٍ وَمَا كَانَتْ أُمُّكِ بَغِياًّ (28)
19:28 O sister of Aaron, your father was never an evil man, nor was your mother unchaste.'
فَأَشَارَتْ إِلَيْهِ قَالُوا كَيْفَ نُكَلِّمُ مَن كَانَ فِي المَهْدِ صَبِياًّ (29)
19:29 So she pointed to him (Prophet Jesus). But they replied, 'How can we speak with a baby in the cradle?'
34 The baby Jesus speaks to his family 19:30-33
قَالَ إِنِّي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ آتَانِيَ الكِتَابَ وَجَعَلَنِي نَبِياًّ (30)
19:30 He (the baby) said, 'I am the worshiper of Allah. Allah has given me the Book and made me a Prophet.
وَجَعَلَنِي مُبَارَكاً أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُ وَأَوْصَانِي بِالصَّلاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ مَا دُمْتُ حَياًّ (31)
19:31 He made me to be blessed wherever I am, and He has charged me with prayer and charity for as long as I shall live.
وَبَراًّ بِوَالِدَتِي وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْنِي جَبَّاراً شَقِياًّ (32)
19:32 (He has made me) kind to my mother; He has not made me arrogant, unprosperous.
وَالسَّلامُ عَلَيَّ يَوْمَ وَلِدتُّ وَيَوْمَ أَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ أُبْعَثُ حَياًّ (33)
19:33 Peace be upon me on the day I was born, and on the day I die; and on the day when I shall be raised up alive.'
ذَلِكَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ قَوْلَ الحَقِّ الَّذِي فِيهِ يَمْتَرُونَ (34)
19:34 Such was (Prophet) Jesus, the son of Mary. A saying of truth, concerning what they doubt.
35 Mary and Jesus are among the great signs of Allah 21:91-93
وَالَّتِي أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا فَنَفَخْنَا فِيهَا مِن رُّوحِنَا وَجَعَلْنَاهَا وَابْنَهَا آيَةً لِّلْعَالَمِينَ (91)
21:91 And she (Mary) who guarded her virginity. We breathed into her of Our spirit (Gabriel), and made her and her son a sign for the worlds.
إِنَّ هَذِهِ أُمَّتُكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأَنَا رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُونِ (92)
21:92 Indeed, this nation of yours is one nation, and I am Your Lord, therefore worship Me.
وَتَقَطَّعُوا أَمْرَهُم بَيْنَهُمْ كُلٌّ إِلَيْنَا رَاجِعُونَ (93)
21:93 But they (the Christians and Jews) split their affair between them all shall return to Us.
فَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِنَ الصَّالِحَاتِ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلاَ كُفْرَانَ لِسَعْيِهِ وَإِنَّا لَهُ كَاتِبُونَ (94)
21:94 The endeavors of he who believes and does good works shall not go unthanked. We write it down for him.
36 Jesus and Mary are amongst the signs of Allah 23:50
وَجَعَلْنَا ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَأُمَّهُ آيَةً وَآوَيْنَاهُمَا إِلَى رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ (50)
23:50 We made the son of Mary and his mother a sign, and gave them a refuge on a hillside where there was a hollow and a spring.
يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحاً إِنِّي بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ (51)
23:51 Messengers! Eat of that which is good and do good deeds; I have knowledge of the things you do.
وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ أُمَّتُكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأَنَا رَبُّكُمْ فَاتَّقُونِ (52)
23:52 Your nation is but one nation, and I am your Lord, therefore fear Me.
فَتَقَطَّعُوا أَمْرَهُم بَيْنَهُمْ زُبُراً كُلُّ حِزْبٍ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ فَرِحُونَ (53)
23:53 Yet they have split their affairs between themselves into sects, each rejoicing in what it has.
فَذَرْهُمْ فِي غَمْرَتِهِمْ حَتَّى حِينٍ (54)
23:54 Leave them in their perplexity for a time.
أَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّمَا نُمِدُّهُم بِهِ مِن مَّالٍ وَبَنِينَ (55)
23:55 Do they think that in giving them wealth and children
نُسَارِعُ لَهُمْ فِي الخَيْرَاتِ بَل لاَّ يَشْعُرُونَ (56)
23:56 We hasten in good works for them? No, they are not aware.
37 The sincere followers of Prophets Moses and Jesus 28:52-55
الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الكِتَابَ مِن قَبْلِهِ هُم بِهِ يُؤْمِنُونَ (52)
28:52 Those to whom We gave the Book before, believe in it.
وَإِذَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ إِنَّهُ الحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا مِن قَبْلِهِ مُسْلِمِينَ (53)
28:53 When it is recited to them, they say, 'We believe in it, because it is the truth from Our Lord. We surrendered ourselves before it came.'
أُوْلَئِكَ يُؤْتَوْنَ أَجْرَهُم مَّرَّتَيْنِ بِمَا صَبَرُوا وَيَدْرَءُونَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ (54)
28:54 Their wage shall be given them twice, because they have endured patiently, averting evil with good and spending from what We have given them;
وَإِذَا سَمِعُوا اللَّغْوَ أَعْرَضُوا عَنْهُ وَقَالُوا لَنَا أَعْمَالُنَا وَلَكُمْ أَعْمَالُكُمْ سَلامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ لاَ نَبْتَغِي الجَاهِلِينَ (55)
28:55 and because when they hear idle talk they turn away from it and say, 'We have our deeds, and you have your deeds. Peace be upon you. We do not desire the ignorant.'
38 Prophet Muhammad fulfills the prophesy of Jesus who prophesied that Allah would send someone who did not speak from himself but only with the Words of Allah 38:86-88
قُلْ مَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ المُتَكَلِّفِينَ (86)
38:86 Say (Prophet Muhammad), 'For this I ask of you no wage, and I am not of those who take things upon themselves.
إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ ذِكْرٌ لِّلْعَالَمِينَ (87)
38:87 This is nothing else but a reminder to all the worlds,
وَلَتَعْلَمُنَّ نَبَأَهُ بَعْدَ حِينٍ (88)
38:88 and after a while you shall know its news.'
39 Jesus was a prophet sent to the Children of Israel 43:57-59
وَلَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلاً إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ (57)
43:57 When the son of Mary is mentioned as an example, your people turn away from it
وَقَالُوا أَآلِهَتُنَا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلاَّ جَدَلاً بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ (58)
43:58 and say, 'What are our gods better, or is he?' They do not mention him to you except to dispute, truly, they are a contentious nation.
إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَلْنَاهُ مَثَلاً لِّبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ (59)
43:59 He (Prophet Jesus) was only a worshiper whom We favored and We made him an example to the Children of Israel.
وَلَوْ نَشَاءُ لَجَعَلْنَا مِنكُم مَّلائِكَةً فِي الأَرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ (60)
43:60 Had it been Our Will We would have made angels among you as successors in the earth.
40 Jesus orders his followers to worship Allah and tells them that this is the Straight Path 43:63-66
وَلَمَّا جَاءَ عِيسَى بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ قَالَ قَدْ جِئْتُكُم بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَلأُبَيِّنَ لَكُم بَعْضَ الَّذِي تَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ (63)
43:63 And when (Prophet) Jesus came with clear signs, he said, 'I have come to you with wisdom and to clarify to you some of the matters about which you differ. Fear Allah and obey me.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ رَبِّي وَرَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَذَا صِرَاطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ (64)
43:64 Indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, therefore worship Him. That is the Straight Path.'
فَاخْتَلَفَ الأَحْزَابُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ فَوَيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْ عَذَابِ يَوْمٍ أَلِيمٍ (65)
43:65 Yet the parties differed among themselves. So woe to those who did evil among the punishment of a Painful Day.
هَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلاَّ السَّاعَةَ أَن تَأْتِيَهُم بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لاَ يَشْعُرُونَ (66)
43:66 Are they looking for anything except the Hour (to overtake them). It will come upon them suddenly when they are unaware!
41 Allah confirms that Prophet Muhammad is indeed His Messenger. The prophecy of Jesus is fulfilled Prophet Muhammad who said, " A messenger will come who will not speak from himself, but only with the Words of Allah 46:9-10
قُلْ مَا كُنتُ بِدْعاً مِّنَ الرُّسُلِ وَمَا أَدْرِي مَا يُفْعَلُ بِي وَلاَ بِكُمْ إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلاَّ مَا يُوحَى إِلَيَّ وَمَا أَنَا إِلاَّ نَذِيرٌ مُّبِينٌ (9)
46:9 Say, 'I am not an innovation among the Messengers; nor know what will be done with me or you. I follow only what is revealed to me; I am only a clear warner.'
42 The description of Muslims was written in the Torah and the lost Gospel given to Jesus 48:29
مُحَمَّدٌ
رَّسُولُ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ
أَشِدَّاءُ عَلَى الكُفَّارِ رُحَمَاءُ
بَيْنَهُمْ تَرَاهُمْ رُكَّعاً سُجَّداً
يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلاً مِّنَ اللَّهِ
وَرِضْوَاناً سِيمَاهُمْ فِي وَجُوهِهِم
مِّنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُهُمْ
فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَمَثَلُهُمْ فِي
الإِنجِيلِ كَزَرْعٍ أَخْرَجَ شَطْأَهُ
فَآزَرَهُ فَاسْتَغْلَظَ فَاسْتَوَى
عَلَى سُوقِهِ يُعْجِبُ الزُّرَّاعَ
لِيَغِيظَ بِهِمُ الكُفَّارَ وَعَدَ
اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا
الصَّالِحَاتِ مِنْهُم مَّغْفِرَةً
وَأَجْراً عَظِيماً (29)
48:29 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Those who are with him are harsh against the unbelievers but merciful to one another. You see them bow and prostrate themselves seeking the bounty and pleasure of Allah. Their mark is on their faces from the trace of prostration. That is their likeness in the Torah and their likeness in the Gospel, as the seed which puts forth its shoot and strengthens it, so that it grows stout and rises straight upon its stalk, delighting the sowers, and through them He enrages the unbelievers. Allah has promised those of them who believe and do good deeds, forgiveness and a great wage.
43 Allah affirms the prophecy of Jesus which is that Prophet Muhammad does not speak out of desire but only by the Word of Allah 53:3-5
وَمَا يَنطِقُ عَنِ الهَوَى (3)
53:3 nor does he speak out of desire.
إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ وَحْيٌ يُوحَى (4)
53:4 Indeed it is not except a Revelation which is revealed,
عَلَّمَهُ شَدِيدُ القُوَى (5)
53:5 taught by One who is Stern in power.
44 Allah gave Jesus a Gospel, where is it now? It was never included in the New Testament of the Bible. 57:27
ثُمَّ قَفَّيْنَا عَلَى آثَارِهِم بِرُسُلِنَا وَقَفَّيْنَا بِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَآتَيْنَاهُ الإِنجِيلَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِي قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ رَأْفَةً وَرَحْمَةً وَرَهْبَانِيَّةً ابْتَدَعُوهَا مَا كَتَبْنَاهَا عَلَيْهِمْ إِلاَّ ابْتِغَاءَ رِضْوَانِ اللَّهِ فَمَا رَعَوْهَا حَقَّ رِعَايَتِهَا فَآتَيْنَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ (27)
57:27 Following them We sent Our (other) Messengers, and We sent following in their footsteps, (Prophet) Jesus, the son of Mary and gave him the Gospel, and put tenderness and mercy in the hearts of his followers. As for monasticism, they invented it thereby seeking the pleasure of Allah. We did not write it for them, and they did not observe it as it should be observed. We gave to those of them who believed their wage, but many of them are impious.
45 Jesus is rejected by the Children of Israel when he tells them that he has been sent to confirm the Torah and bring them news of Prophet Muhammad 61:6
وَإِذْ قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُم مُّصَدِّقاً لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَمُبَشِّراً بِرَسُولٍ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي اسْمُهُ أَحْمَدُ فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ قَالُوا هَذَا سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ (6)
61:6 And when (Prophet) Jesus, the son of Mary said, 'Children of Israel, I am sent to you by Allah to affirm the Torah that was before me, and to give news of a Messenger (Prophet Muhammad) who will come after me whose name shall be Ahmad.' Yet when he came to them with clear proofs, they said, 'This is clear sorcery.'
46 Some of the Children of Israel believed Jesus but others disbelieved 61:14
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُونُوا أَنصَارَ اللَّهِ كَمَا قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ لِلْحَوَارِيِّينَ مَنْ أَنصَارِي إِلَى اللَّهِ قَالَ الحَوَارِيُّونَ نَحْنُ أَنصَارُ اللَّهِ فَآمَنَت طَّائِفَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَكَفَرَت طَّائِفَةٌ فَأَيَّدْنَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا عَلَى عَدُوِّهِمْ فَأَصْبَحُوا ظَاهِرِينَ (14)
61:14 Believers, be the helpers of Allah. When (Prophet) Jesus, the son of Mary said to the disciples, 'Who will be my helpers unto Allah?' The disciples replied, 'We will be the helpers of Allah.' A party of the Children of Israel believed, and a party disbelieved. So, We supported those who believed against their enemy, and they overcame.
47 The virgin Mary, mother of Jesus was among the devout 66:12
وَمَرْيَمَ ابْنَةَ عِمْرَانَ الَتِي أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا فَنَفَخْنَا فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِنَا وَصَدَّقَتْ بِكَلِمَاتِ رَبِّهَا وَكُتُبِهِ وَكَانَتْ مِنَ القَانِتِينَ (12)
66:12 And, Mary, 'Imran's daughter, who guarded her chastity so We breathed into her of Our Spirit (Gabriel); and she put her trust in the Words of her Lord and His Books, and was among the devout
We begin here so that all participants in this debate—regardless of belief, background, or tradition—can share a common foundation: to discuss these narratives as they are, with honesty, respect, and intellectual integrity.
Islam, Iman and Ihsan
Debate Phase
Bersambung